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[title] => Stručnjaci upozoravaju: Epidemija zika virusa itekako je moguća, na udaru su bebe, a jedina zaštita je smanjenje rizika od uboda komaraca
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Nova epidemija zika virusa je krajnje moguća, upozoravaju istraživači, a dovoljna je samo jedna potencijalna mutacija koja može izazvati brzo širenje.
Zbog bolesti, prije šest godina tisuće beba rođeno je s oštećenjem mozga, jer su se njihove majke zarazile dok su bile trudne. Američki znanstvenici kažu da se svijet treba paziti novih mutacija.
Laboratorijske analize, predstavljene u časopisu Cell Reports, objašnjavaju da se virus može lako širiti, stvarajući nove sojeve. Nedavna studija pokazala je da bi se novi sojevi mogli brzo širiti i u zemljama u kojima je stanovništvo izgradilo imunitet od prethodnih epidemija, kažu s Instituta za imunologiju La Jolla, piše Michelle Roberts za BBC News.
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Stručnjaci napominju, iako doduše teoretski, da nalazi podsjećaju kako virusi koji nisu Covid mogu biti prijetnja.
Katastrofalan učinak na bebe
Zika se širi ubodom zaraženog aedes komarca. Ovi insekti su otkriveni u Americi i Aziji, a ne i u Kanadi i Čileu, jer im je tamo hladno da bi opstali.
Dok je za većinu ljudi zika blaga bolest, bez trajnih posljedica, na bebe koje su u trbuhu može imati katastrofalan učinak. Ako majka ima kontakt s virusom tijekom trudnoće, on može utjecati na razvoj bebe, odnosno oštetiti mozak i izazvati mikrocefaliju (neobično mala glava).
Istraživači su uspjeli ustanoviti što se događa kada se zika prenosi između ljudi i komaraca, koristeći stanice živih miševa u eksperimentima. Kada se virus prenosi između stanica komaraca i miša u laboratoriju, dogode se manje genetske promjene.
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To znači da je relativno lako da virus mutira, napreduje i širi se, čak i kod životinja koje su imale neki prethodni imunitet od slične infekcije, poput one koju prenose denga komarci.
Glavni znanstvenik u istraživanju profesor Sujan Shresta rekao je da je soj zika virusa koji su otkrili evoluirao do točke u kojoj unakrsni zaštitni imunitet, koji je pružala prethodna infekcija denga groznice, više nije bio efikasan kod miševa.
problemi u budućnosti
"Na našu žalost, ako ova varijanta postane prevladavajuća, možda ćemo imati iste probleme i izvan laboratorija", upozorio je Shresta.
Profesor Jonathan Ball, stručnjak za viruse sa sveučilišta u Nottinghamu, rekao je za BBC da smo u posljednje vrijeme slušali puno toga o brzoj evoluciji i pojavi novih varijanti koronavirusa i kako je ovo pravi podsjetnik da je promjena oblika, zajednička karakteristika velikog broja njih.
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---
"Ovaj rad pokazuje koliko brzo može nastati promjena u sekvenci genoma virusa i kako može imati snažan utjecaj na virus. Ali virusi s ovakvim promjenama nisu često viđeni u epidemijama i kako autori ističu, ovi intrigantni uvidi zahtijevaju detaljnije istraživanje".
Dr. Clare Taylor, članica Društva za primijenjenu mikrobiologiju, rekla je da su ovi nalazi viđeni u laboratorijskim eksperimentima i da su stoga ograničeni, dodavši da je zato važno praćenje virusa. Dodala je da bi bilo moguće predvidjeti koje bi varijante mogle izazvati značajne probleme u budućnosti i intervenirati u ranoj fazi, piše BBC News.
---
Iako virus uglavnom šire komarci, zika se prenosi i seksualnim putem
Nekoliko ljudi je umrlo od zika virusa, a jedan od pet zaraženih razvije simptome bolesti
Bolest prati temperatura, svrab i bol
Budući da nema terapije, jedina opcija je da se smanji rizik od uboda
Znanstvenici su započeli rad na zika cjepivu kako bi zaštitili trudnice
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Nova epidemija zika virusa je krajnje moguća, upozoravaju istraživači, a dovoljna je samo jedna potencijalna mutacija koja može izazvati brzo širenje.
Zbog bolesti, prije šest godina tisuće beba rođeno je s oštećenjem mozga, jer su se njihove majke zarazile dok su bile trudne. Američki znanstvenici kažu da se svijet treba paziti novih mutacija.
Laboratorijske analize, predstavljene u časopisu Cell Reports, objašnjavaju da se virus može lako širiti, stvarajući nove sojeve. Nedavna studija pokazala je da bi se novi sojevi mogli brzo širiti i u zemljama u kojima je stanovništvo izgradilo imunitet od prethodnih epidemija, kažu s Instituta za imunologiju La Jolla, piše Michelle Roberts za BBC News.
---
---
Stručnjaci napominju, iako doduše teoretski, da nalazi podsjećaju kako virusi koji nisu Covid mogu biti prijetnja.
Katastrofalan učinak na bebe
Zika se širi ubodom zaraženog aedes komarca. Ovi insekti su otkriveni u Americi i Aziji, a ne i u Kanadi i Čileu, jer im je tamo hladno da bi opstali.
Dok je za većinu ljudi zika blaga bolest, bez trajnih posljedica, na bebe koje su u trbuhu može imati katastrofalan učinak. Ako majka ima kontakt s virusom tijekom trudnoće, on može utjecati na razvoj bebe, odnosno oštetiti mozak i izazvati mikrocefaliju (neobično mala glava).
Istraživači su uspjeli ustanoviti što se događa kada se zika prenosi između ljudi i komaraca, koristeći stanice živih miševa u eksperimentima. Kada se virus prenosi između stanica komaraca i miša u laboratoriju, dogode se manje genetske promjene.
---
---
To znači da je relativno lako da virus mutira, napreduje i širi se, čak i kod životinja koje su imale neki prethodni imunitet od slične infekcije, poput one koju prenose denga komarci.
Glavni znanstvenik u istraživanju profesor Sujan Shresta rekao je da je soj zika virusa koji su otkrili evoluirao do točke u kojoj unakrsni zaštitni imunitet, koji je pružala prethodna infekcija denga groznice, više nije bio efikasan kod miševa.
problemi u budućnosti
"Na našu žalost, ako ova varijanta postane prevladavajuća, možda ćemo imati iste probleme i izvan laboratorija", upozorio je Shresta.
Profesor Jonathan Ball, stručnjak za viruse sa sveučilišta u Nottinghamu, rekao je za BBC da smo u posljednje vrijeme slušali puno toga o brzoj evoluciji i pojavi novih varijanti koronavirusa i kako je ovo pravi podsjetnik da je promjena oblika, zajednička karakteristika velikog broja njih.
---
---
"Ovaj rad pokazuje koliko brzo može nastati promjena u sekvenci genoma virusa i kako može imati snažan utjecaj na virus. Ali virusi s ovakvim promjenama nisu često viđeni u epidemijama i kako autori ističu, ovi intrigantni uvidi zahtijevaju detaljnije istraživanje".
Dr. Clare Taylor, članica Društva za primijenjenu mikrobiologiju, rekla je da su ovi nalazi viđeni u laboratorijskim eksperimentima i da su stoga ograničeni, dodavši da je zato važno praćenje virusa. Dodala je da bi bilo moguće predvidjeti koje bi varijante mogle izazvati značajne probleme u budućnosti i intervenirati u ranoj fazi, piše BBC News.
---
Iako virus uglavnom šire komarci, zika se prenosi i seksualnim putem
Nekoliko ljudi je umrlo od zika virusa, a jedan od pet zaraženih razvije simptome bolesti
Bolest prati temperatura, svrab i bol
Budući da nema terapije, jedina opcija je da se smanji rizik od uboda
Znanstvenici su započeli rad na zika cjepivu kako bi zaštitili trudnice
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19. svibanj 2024 08:18
