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[title] => NASA-ina nova raketa spremna za lansiranje; uspije li otvorit će put prvoj misiji s posadom
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NASA-ina divovska raketa nove generacije spremna je za svoje dugo očekivano debitantsko lansiranje u ponedjeljak, na šestotjedni probni let bez posade oko Mjeseca i natrag, u sklopu prve misije programa američke svemirske agencije Artemis, nasljednika Apolla.
Divovska dvostupanjska raketa Space Launch System (SLS) i njezina kapsula za posadu Orion trebale bi poletjeti iz svemirskog centra Kennedy u Cape Canaveralu na Floridi, tijekom dvosatnog prozora za lansiranje koji se otvara u 10:33 h po srednjoeuropskom vremenu.
Riječ je o testnom prvom putovanju SLS-Oriona - misije nazvane Artemis I - prije nego što ga NASA ocijeni dovoljno pouzdanim za prijevoz astronauta.
Proglašena najsnažnijom i najkompleksnijom raketom na svijetu, SLS predstavlja najveći novi vertikalni lansirni sustav koji je američka svemirska agencija izgradila otkako je Saturn V letio tijekom programa Apollo na Mjesec 1960-ih i 70-ih godina.
Svemirska raketa je polako prebačena na lansirnu rampu ranije ovog mjeseca nakon tjedana završnih priprema i testiranja na zemlji. Prošlog tjedna NASA-ini dužnosnici zaključili su pregled spremnosti za let izjavljujući da su svi sustavi spremni za lansiranje.
---
---
Jedan problem koji su dužnosnici NASA-e prošli tjedan naveli kao potencijalnu prepreku za lansiranje u ponedjeljak bio bi bilo kakav znak tijekom punjenja rakete gorivom da popravljeni vod vodika nije uspio izdržati. Ako se sat za odbrojavanje zaustavi iz bilo kojeg razloga, NASA je najavila 2. i 5. rujna kao rezervne datume lansiranja.
Otprilike 90 minuta nakon lansiranja, gornji stupanj rakete izbacit će Orion iz Zemljine orbite na kurs za 42-dnevni let koji će ga dovesti do unutar 100 km od Mjesečeve površine u sklopu putovanja dugačkog 64.374 km oko Mjeseca i natrag do Zemlja. Očekuje se da će kapsula Orion pasti u Tihi ocean 10. listopada.
Iako na brodu neće biti ljudi, Orion će nositi simuliranu tročlanu posadu - jednu mušku i dvije ženske lutke - opremljene senzorima za mjerenje razine radijacije i drugih stresova koje bi astronauti doživjeli.
Glavni cilj misije je testirati izdržljivost Orionovog toplinskog štita tijekom ponovnog ulaska u Zemljinu atmosferu brzinom od 39.429 km na sat, ili 32 puta brže od brzine zvuka, pri povratku iz Mjesečeve orbite - mnogo brže od uobičajenih ponovnih ulazaka kapsula astronauta koji se vraćaju iz niske Zemljine orbite.
"To je naš najveći prioritet koji moramo ostvariti", rekao je glavni direktor leta Rick LaBrode. "Toplinski štit je ono što će održati kapsulu na okupu i spasiti astronaute", rekao je.
NASA-in program Artemis – nazvan po božici koja je bila Apolonova sestra blizanka u starogrčkoj mitologiji – ima za cilj vratiti astronaute na površinu Mjeseca već 2025. godine i uspostaviti dugoročnu lunarnu koloniju kao odskočnu dasku za još ambicioznija buduća putovanja s ljudskom posadom na Mars.
Više od desetljeća u razvoju s godinama kašnjenja i milijardama dolara prekoračenja proračuna, svemirska letjelica SLS-Orion dosad je koštala NASA-u najmanje 37 milijardi dolara, uključujući dizajn, konstrukciju, testiranje i zemaljske objekte.
Dvanaest astronauta hodalo je po Mjesecu tijekom šest misija Apollo s ljudskom posadom koje su sletjele od 1969. do 1972., jedinih svemirskih letova koji su do sada poslali ljude na površinu Mjeseca.
Ako uspije, Artemis I otvorit će put prvoj misiji SLS-Orion s posadom, letu oko Mjeseca nazvanom Artemis II, već 2024., nakon čega će uslijediti putovanje Artemis III na Mjesečevu površinu.
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NASA-ina divovska raketa nove generacije spremna je za svoje dugo očekivano debitantsko lansiranje u ponedjeljak, na šestotjedni probni let bez posade oko Mjeseca i natrag, u sklopu prve misije programa američke svemirske agencije Artemis, nasljednika Apolla.
Divovska dvostupanjska raketa Space Launch System (SLS) i njezina kapsula za posadu Orion trebale bi poletjeti iz svemirskog centra Kennedy u Cape Canaveralu na Floridi, tijekom dvosatnog prozora za lansiranje koji se otvara u 10:33 h po srednjoeuropskom vremenu.
Riječ je o testnom prvom putovanju SLS-Oriona - misije nazvane Artemis I - prije nego što ga NASA ocijeni dovoljno pouzdanim za prijevoz astronauta.
Proglašena najsnažnijom i najkompleksnijom raketom na svijetu, SLS predstavlja najveći novi vertikalni lansirni sustav koji je američka svemirska agencija izgradila otkako je Saturn V letio tijekom programa Apollo na Mjesec 1960-ih i 70-ih godina.
Svemirska raketa je polako prebačena na lansirnu rampu ranije ovog mjeseca nakon tjedana završnih priprema i testiranja na zemlji. Prošlog tjedna NASA-ini dužnosnici zaključili su pregled spremnosti za let izjavljujući da su svi sustavi spremni za lansiranje.
---
---
Jedan problem koji su dužnosnici NASA-e prošli tjedan naveli kao potencijalnu prepreku za lansiranje u ponedjeljak bio bi bilo kakav znak tijekom punjenja rakete gorivom da popravljeni vod vodika nije uspio izdržati. Ako se sat za odbrojavanje zaustavi iz bilo kojeg razloga, NASA je najavila 2. i 5. rujna kao rezervne datume lansiranja.
Otprilike 90 minuta nakon lansiranja, gornji stupanj rakete izbacit će Orion iz Zemljine orbite na kurs za 42-dnevni let koji će ga dovesti do unutar 100 km od Mjesečeve površine u sklopu putovanja dugačkog 64.374 km oko Mjeseca i natrag do Zemlja. Očekuje se da će kapsula Orion pasti u Tihi ocean 10. listopada.
Iako na brodu neće biti ljudi, Orion će nositi simuliranu tročlanu posadu - jednu mušku i dvije ženske lutke - opremljene senzorima za mjerenje razine radijacije i drugih stresova koje bi astronauti doživjeli.
Glavni cilj misije je testirati izdržljivost Orionovog toplinskog štita tijekom ponovnog ulaska u Zemljinu atmosferu brzinom od 39.429 km na sat, ili 32 puta brže od brzine zvuka, pri povratku iz Mjesečeve orbite - mnogo brže od uobičajenih ponovnih ulazaka kapsula astronauta koji se vraćaju iz niske Zemljine orbite.
"To je naš najveći prioritet koji moramo ostvariti", rekao je glavni direktor leta Rick LaBrode. "Toplinski štit je ono što će održati kapsulu na okupu i spasiti astronaute", rekao je.
NASA-in program Artemis – nazvan po božici koja je bila Apolonova sestra blizanka u starogrčkoj mitologiji – ima za cilj vratiti astronaute na površinu Mjeseca već 2025. godine i uspostaviti dugoročnu lunarnu koloniju kao odskočnu dasku za još ambicioznija buduća putovanja s ljudskom posadom na Mars.
Više od desetljeća u razvoju s godinama kašnjenja i milijardama dolara prekoračenja proračuna, svemirska letjelica SLS-Orion dosad je koštala NASA-u najmanje 37 milijardi dolara, uključujući dizajn, konstrukciju, testiranje i zemaljske objekte.
Dvanaest astronauta hodalo je po Mjesecu tijekom šest misija Apollo s ljudskom posadom koje su sletjele od 1969. do 1972., jedinih svemirskih letova koji su do sada poslali ljude na površinu Mjeseca.
Ako uspije, Artemis I otvorit će put prvoj misiji SLS-Orion s posadom, letu oko Mjeseca nazvanom Artemis II, već 2024., nakon čega će uslijediti putovanje Artemis III na Mjesečevu površinu.
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12. svibanj 2024 20:21
