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[title] => Porastao broj oboljelih od mononukleoze, struka tvrdi da nema razloga za paniku, sve su pojasnili
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Prema podacima Hrvatskog zavoda za javno zdravstvo u 2022. godini prijavljeno je 515 oboljelih od infektivne mononukleoze, a u 2023. godini je do sada prijavljeno 1.030 oboljelih.
To znači da se broj oboljelih dva mjeseca prije kraja godine već udvostručio u odnosu na prošlu godinu.
Prof. dr. Goran Tešović, specijalist infektologije i pedijatrijske infektologije, napominje da se ne radi o posebnom povećanju: “Monoukleoza ima čak više nego je prijavljeno.
Velik dio je asimptomatski tako da skok u brojkama ne predstavlja ništa posebno i ne može se usporediti s infekcijama koje su porasle nakon suspenzije mjera protiv covida.
Radi se o infekciji koja se prenosi slinom, bliskim kontaktom. Kad bismo pošli od pretpostavke da nam je incidencija ista kao u SAD-u, imali bismo oko 1.600 slušajeva.”
Ističe da je bolest u 95 posto slučajeva je benigna, piše N1.
“Može biti neugodna zbog povišene temperature koja može trajati dva tjedna, glavobolje koja može trajati tjedan dana, lošeg osjećaja i umora danima ili tjednima, ali bolest prolazi bez komplikacija. Prevencija nije potrebna. Radi se o infekciji od koje do odrasle dobi obole skoro svi unutar populacije”, rekao je.
Što je mononukleoza?
Infektivna mononukleoza je virusna bolest koju prati povišena tjelesna temperatura, otečeni i bolni limfni čvorovi (najviše na vratu), povećanje jetre i slezene i česta pojava angine uz karakteristične promjene povećanja broja limfocita. Obično je uzrokuje Epstein-Barrov virus (EBV) (u čak 90 posto slučajeva), no mogu je uzrokovati i drugi virusi, npr. Citomegalovirus (CMV) i parazit Toxoplasma gondii.
Bolest je rasprostranjena u cijelom svijetu, a rezervoar infekcije je čovek. Javlja se u svim dobnim skupinama, ali najčešće obolijevaju predškolska i školska djeca te adolescenti od 15 do 25 godina.
Virus se prenosi kapljičnim putom, slinom, najčešće ljubljenjem, iako se može prenijeti i bliskim kontaktom koji ne uključuje ljubljenje. No, upravo je zbog ovoga dobila nadimak “bolest poljupca”. Bolest se može prenijeti i kontaktom s rukama, priborom za jelo ili igračkama koje su natopljene inficiranom slinom.
Simptomi se mogu javiti od 5 do 15 dana, no češće se jave četiri do šest tjedana od zaražavanja.
Simptomi:
– povećanje limfnih čvorova (najčešće na vratu),
– upala ždrijela,
– povišena tjelesna temparatura,
– povećanje jetre i slezene.
Bolest često počinje umorom koji traje nekoliko dana, a zatim se javlja vrućica preko 39° C, otok limfnih čvorova vrata, jaka grlobolja koja ponekad nalikuje streptokoknoj angini te povećanje jetre i slezene. Ponekad su simptomi sasvim blagi i netipični, slični prehladi.
Razvoj bolesti:
Temperatura može biti samo lagano povišena, ali dugo traje, djeca su umorna. Što je dijete, mlađe simptomi su manje tipični.
Visoka temperatura u prosjeku traje obično 7 do 10 dana, a s njenim padom normalizira se nalaz u ždrijelu i postepeno se gube opći simptomi bolesti.
Povećane limfne žlijezde, jetra i slezena smanjuju se polako te bolest prosječno traje oko šest tjedana. Za smanjenje limfnih čvorova najčešće je potrebno oko tri tjedna, objašnjava se na stranicama Poliklinike za dječje bolesti Sabol.
Liječenje
Liječenje se svodi na olakšavanje simptoma:
– snižavanje povišene tjelesne temperature
– dovoljno tekućine
– dovoljno odmora
Više od 90 posto slučajeva infektivne mononukleoze je bezopasno i nekomplicirano, ali umor i slabost koje traju mjesec ili više nisu neuobičajeni.
Kod osoba starijih od 30 godina bolest može trajati duže i mogu se javiti komplikacije.
Prevencija
– izbjegavati kontakt sa slinom osobe koja je preboljela mononukleozu
– redovito prati dječje igračke
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Prema podacima Hrvatskog zavoda za javno zdravstvo u 2022. godini prijavljeno je 515 oboljelih od infektivne mononukleoze, a u 2023. godini je do sada prijavljeno 1.030 oboljelih.
To znači da se broj oboljelih dva mjeseca prije kraja godine već udvostručio u odnosu na prošlu godinu.
Prof. dr. Goran Tešović, specijalist infektologije i pedijatrijske infektologije, napominje da se ne radi o posebnom povećanju: “Monoukleoza ima čak više nego je prijavljeno.
Velik dio je asimptomatski tako da skok u brojkama ne predstavlja ništa posebno i ne može se usporediti s infekcijama koje su porasle nakon suspenzije mjera protiv covida.
Radi se o infekciji koja se prenosi slinom, bliskim kontaktom. Kad bismo pošli od pretpostavke da nam je incidencija ista kao u SAD-u, imali bismo oko 1.600 slušajeva.”
Ističe da je bolest u 95 posto slučajeva je benigna, piše N1.
“Može biti neugodna zbog povišene temperature koja može trajati dva tjedna, glavobolje koja može trajati tjedan dana, lošeg osjećaja i umora danima ili tjednima, ali bolest prolazi bez komplikacija. Prevencija nije potrebna. Radi se o infekciji od koje do odrasle dobi obole skoro svi unutar populacije”, rekao je.
Što je mononukleoza?
Infektivna mononukleoza je virusna bolest koju prati povišena tjelesna temperatura, otečeni i bolni limfni čvorovi (najviše na vratu), povećanje jetre i slezene i česta pojava angine uz karakteristične promjene povećanja broja limfocita. Obično je uzrokuje Epstein-Barrov virus (EBV) (u čak 90 posto slučajeva), no mogu je uzrokovati i drugi virusi, npr. Citomegalovirus (CMV) i parazit Toxoplasma gondii.
Bolest je rasprostranjena u cijelom svijetu, a rezervoar infekcije je čovek. Javlja se u svim dobnim skupinama, ali najčešće obolijevaju predškolska i školska djeca te adolescenti od 15 do 25 godina.
Virus se prenosi kapljičnim putom, slinom, najčešće ljubljenjem, iako se može prenijeti i bliskim kontaktom koji ne uključuje ljubljenje. No, upravo je zbog ovoga dobila nadimak “bolest poljupca”. Bolest se može prenijeti i kontaktom s rukama, priborom za jelo ili igračkama koje su natopljene inficiranom slinom.
Simptomi se mogu javiti od 5 do 15 dana, no češće se jave četiri do šest tjedana od zaražavanja.
Simptomi:
– povećanje limfnih čvorova (najčešće na vratu),
– upala ždrijela,
– povišena tjelesna temparatura,
– povećanje jetre i slezene.
Bolest često počinje umorom koji traje nekoliko dana, a zatim se javlja vrućica preko 39° C, otok limfnih čvorova vrata, jaka grlobolja koja ponekad nalikuje streptokoknoj angini te povećanje jetre i slezene. Ponekad su simptomi sasvim blagi i netipični, slični prehladi.
Razvoj bolesti:
Temperatura može biti samo lagano povišena, ali dugo traje, djeca su umorna. Što je dijete, mlađe simptomi su manje tipični.
Visoka temperatura u prosjeku traje obično 7 do 10 dana, a s njenim padom normalizira se nalaz u ždrijelu i postepeno se gube opći simptomi bolesti.
Povećane limfne žlijezde, jetra i slezena smanjuju se polako te bolest prosječno traje oko šest tjedana. Za smanjenje limfnih čvorova najčešće je potrebno oko tri tjedna, objašnjava se na stranicama Poliklinike za dječje bolesti Sabol.
Liječenje
Liječenje se svodi na olakšavanje simptoma:
– snižavanje povišene tjelesne temperature
– dovoljno tekućine
– dovoljno odmora
Više od 90 posto slučajeva infektivne mononukleoze je bezopasno i nekomplicirano, ali umor i slabost koje traju mjesec ili više nisu neuobičajeni.
Kod osoba starijih od 30 godina bolest može trajati duže i mogu se javiti komplikacije.
Prevencija
– izbjegavati kontakt sa slinom osobe koja je preboljela mononukleozu
– redovito prati dječje igračke
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14. svibanj 2024 10:07
