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[title] => Znanstvenici zapanjeni promjenama kod astronauta nakon godinu dana u svemiru: Srce mu se smanjilo! Dulje vrijeme bez gravitacije dovodi do atrofije, isto se događa i daljinskim plivačima
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Znanstvenici su u najnovijem istraživanju ustanovili kako provođenje duljeg vremena u svemiru može dovesti do istih tjelesnih nuspojava kojima su izloženi plivači koji se bave daljinskim plivanjem. Tako i jedna i druga aktivnost mogu dovesti do smanjenja dimenzija srca.
Do tog zaključka istraživači su došli uspoređivali tjelesno stanje astronauta Scotta Kellyja, koji je proveo godinu dana u svemiru, sa stanjem maratonskog plivača Benoîta Lecomtea. U obje situacije došlo je do atrofije organa, prenosi Jutarnji.
Istraživanje je predvodio dr. Benjamin Levine, profesor interne medicine na Sveučilištu u Teksasu, pri Jugozapadnom medicinskom centru u Dallasu, a rezultati su objavljeni u časopisu Circulation.
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Istraživanje je važno jer daje značajne spoznaje o tomu što bi se astronautima moglo događati tijekom dugotrajnih ekspedicija u svemiru, poput one na Mars, koju američka agencija NASA planira idućih desetljeća.
- Istraživanjima smo doznali da je srce nevjerojatno "plastično", te se prilagođava pritisku kojem je izloženo.
Nedostatak pritiska uslijed nedostatka gravitacije dovelo je do toga da je Kellyjevo srce izgubilo na masi.
Tijekom svemirskog leta, jedna od stvari koje se događa je da više nemate tako izražen krvni pritisak prema gornjem dijelu tijela, jer nema gravitacije - rekao je Levine za BBC.
Godinu dana na ISS-u
Astronaut Scott Kelly proveo je 340 dana na Međunarodnoj svemirskoj postaji (ISS), dijelom i kako bi omogućio znanstvenicima da istražuju učinak dugotrajnog boravka u svemiru na ljudsko tijelo.
S druge je strane bio plivač Lecomte koji je 2018. krenuo preplivati Tihi ocean te je kroz 159 dana uspio preplivati više od dvije tisuće i osamsto kilometara, plivajući prosječno dnevno gotovo šest sati, nakon čega je odustao.
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Znanstvenici su uspjeli dokazati da toliko mnogo plivanja ima sličan utjecaj na pritisak na srce kao i boravak u svemiru i u uvjetima bez gravitacije jer osoba više vremena provodi u horizontalnom položaju, piše BBC.
Objašnjavaju i kako znanstvenici već dulje vrijeme istražuju ležanje u horizontalnom položaju kako bi simulirali uvjete tijekom leta svemirom, jer se i tijekom ležanja mijenja krvni pritisak, odnosno protok krvi između glave i stopala.
Pritom se, po iskustvu profesora Levinea, najboljom za istraživanje pokazala pozicija u kojoj čovjek leži potpuno ravno na leđima ili trbuhu. Na taj se način u tijelu mijenja krvni pritisak i uzrokuje da, nakon duljeg vremena, srce (koje je, kao što je poznato, mišić) smanji svoju masu.
- Gledajući lijevu klijetku srca gospodina Lecomtea vidjeli smo da je izgubila 20-25 posto ukupne mase tijekom četiri do pet mjeseci plivanja. Tijekom godine dana u svemiru vidjeli smo i do 27 posto gubitka mase srca kod astronauta Kellyja - kazao je Levine.
Proces se može okrenuti
Dobra je vijest da se proces smanjenja srčane mase može obrnuti redovitom tjelovježbom. Astronauti na ISS-u imaju redoviti i vrlo rigorozni plan tjelovježbe. Iako im to pomaže, čini se kako nije dovoljno da se umanji utjecaj boravka u orbiti na mišiće i kosti.
Upravo to bilo je zanimljivo Levineu jer je vjerovao da će plivanje, kao značajna i vrlo zahtjevna fizička aktivnost, umanjiti utjecaj na srce i druge mišiće kod Lecomtea.
- To je zanimljivo kod znanosti, najviše učiš kada otkriješ stvari koje uopće nisi predvidio - kazao je.
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Kaže kako je krenuo razmatrati to otkriće pa je shvatio da Lecomte pliva dugo, satima dnevno, ali ne toliko intenzivno kao, primjerice, Michael Phelps. Njegova tjelovježba naprosto nije dovoljno "agresivna".
Dobra je vijest da promjene na srcu nisu dugoročne. Sportaš i astronaut brzo su se oporavili nakon što su se vratili na kopno odnosno Zemlju.
Srčani udar u orbiti
Znanstvenici napominju i kako boravak u svemiru može povećati rizik od oštećenja srca što bi se moglo pokazati katastrofalnim dođe li do srčanog udara astronauta u orbiti.
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Profesor Levine dio je NASA-inog programa Cipher u sklopu kojeg će još deset astronauta biti poslano na dugotrajne misije u svemir, a znanstvenici će ispitivati brojne parametre njihovih srca.
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Znanstvenici su u najnovijem istraživanju ustanovili kako provođenje duljeg vremena u svemiru može dovesti do istih tjelesnih nuspojava kojima su izloženi plivači koji se bave daljinskim plivanjem. Tako i jedna i druga aktivnost mogu dovesti do smanjenja dimenzija srca.
Do tog zaključka istraživači su došli uspoređivali tjelesno stanje astronauta Scotta Kellyja, koji je proveo godinu dana u svemiru, sa stanjem maratonskog plivača Benoîta Lecomtea. U obje situacije došlo je do atrofije organa, prenosi Jutarnji.
Istraživanje je predvodio dr. Benjamin Levine, profesor interne medicine na Sveučilištu u Teksasu, pri Jugozapadnom medicinskom centru u Dallasu, a rezultati su objavljeni u časopisu Circulation.
---
---
Istraživanje je važno jer daje značajne spoznaje o tomu što bi se astronautima moglo događati tijekom dugotrajnih ekspedicija u svemiru, poput one na Mars, koju američka agencija NASA planira idućih desetljeća.
- Istraživanjima smo doznali da je srce nevjerojatno "plastično", te se prilagođava pritisku kojem je izloženo.
Nedostatak pritiska uslijed nedostatka gravitacije dovelo je do toga da je Kellyjevo srce izgubilo na masi.
Tijekom svemirskog leta, jedna od stvari koje se događa je da više nemate tako izražen krvni pritisak prema gornjem dijelu tijela, jer nema gravitacije - rekao je Levine za BBC.
Godinu dana na ISS-u
Astronaut Scott Kelly proveo je 340 dana na Međunarodnoj svemirskoj postaji (ISS), dijelom i kako bi omogućio znanstvenicima da istražuju učinak dugotrajnog boravka u svemiru na ljudsko tijelo.
S druge je strane bio plivač Lecomte koji je 2018. krenuo preplivati Tihi ocean te je kroz 159 dana uspio preplivati više od dvije tisuće i osamsto kilometara, plivajući prosječno dnevno gotovo šest sati, nakon čega je odustao.
---
---
Znanstvenici su uspjeli dokazati da toliko mnogo plivanja ima sličan utjecaj na pritisak na srce kao i boravak u svemiru i u uvjetima bez gravitacije jer osoba više vremena provodi u horizontalnom položaju, piše BBC.
Objašnjavaju i kako znanstvenici već dulje vrijeme istražuju ležanje u horizontalnom položaju kako bi simulirali uvjete tijekom leta svemirom, jer se i tijekom ležanja mijenja krvni pritisak, odnosno protok krvi između glave i stopala.
Pritom se, po iskustvu profesora Levinea, najboljom za istraživanje pokazala pozicija u kojoj čovjek leži potpuno ravno na leđima ili trbuhu. Na taj se način u tijelu mijenja krvni pritisak i uzrokuje da, nakon duljeg vremena, srce (koje je, kao što je poznato, mišić) smanji svoju masu.
- Gledajući lijevu klijetku srca gospodina Lecomtea vidjeli smo da je izgubila 20-25 posto ukupne mase tijekom četiri do pet mjeseci plivanja. Tijekom godine dana u svemiru vidjeli smo i do 27 posto gubitka mase srca kod astronauta Kellyja - kazao je Levine.
Proces se može okrenuti
Dobra je vijest da se proces smanjenja srčane mase može obrnuti redovitom tjelovježbom. Astronauti na ISS-u imaju redoviti i vrlo rigorozni plan tjelovježbe. Iako im to pomaže, čini se kako nije dovoljno da se umanji utjecaj boravka u orbiti na mišiće i kosti.
Upravo to bilo je zanimljivo Levineu jer je vjerovao da će plivanje, kao značajna i vrlo zahtjevna fizička aktivnost, umanjiti utjecaj na srce i druge mišiće kod Lecomtea.
- To je zanimljivo kod znanosti, najviše učiš kada otkriješ stvari koje uopće nisi predvidio - kazao je.
---
---
Kaže kako je krenuo razmatrati to otkriće pa je shvatio da Lecomte pliva dugo, satima dnevno, ali ne toliko intenzivno kao, primjerice, Michael Phelps. Njegova tjelovježba naprosto nije dovoljno "agresivna".
Dobra je vijest da promjene na srcu nisu dugoročne. Sportaš i astronaut brzo su se oporavili nakon što su se vratili na kopno odnosno Zemlju.
Srčani udar u orbiti
Znanstvenici napominju i kako boravak u svemiru može povećati rizik od oštećenja srca što bi se moglo pokazati katastrofalnim dođe li do srčanog udara astronauta u orbiti.
---
---
Profesor Levine dio je NASA-inog programa Cipher u sklopu kojeg će još deset astronauta biti poslano na dugotrajne misije u svemir, a znanstvenici će ispitivati brojne parametre njihovih srca.
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AFP
NASA-in astronaut Scott Kelly
AFP
Scott Kelly na primanju kod američkog potpredsjednika Mikea Pencea s obitelji svog brata Marka, također astronauta
AFP
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)
[29] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 94
[name] => Gallery in the article
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 32
[alias] => gallery_in_the_article
)
[30] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 95
[name] => Required views
[value] => 0
[type] => textfield
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 33
[alias] => required_views
)
[31] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 96
[name] => FullHD image
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 34
[alias] => fullhd_image
)
)
14. svibanj 2024 03:25
