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[title] => Jeste li znali da je ljudska vrsta jedina koja plače zbog intenzivnih emocija? Evo koje je tajanstveno porijeklo te svakodnevne pojave
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Ljudi plaču od pamtivijeka i u životu "isplaču“ između 70 i 100 litara suza, ali taj se fenomen još uvijek ne istražuje dovoljno.
Nedavna je studija otkrila da je "iznenađujuće malen broj znanstvenika i liječnika zainteresiran za tu temu“, a istraživanja o "emotivnom plakanju tek su u začecima".
Jedan od autora studije, Ad Vingerhoets, sumnja da su razlog tomu iskrivljene pretpostavke koje ljudi imaju o suzama i plakanju.
"Suze se često tumače kao pokazatelj tuge“, kaže nizozemski psiholog koji zadnjih 20 godina traži odgovor na pitanje zašto ljudi plaču?
"Ali suze ne sadrže samo informacije o tome kako se trenutno osjećamo, one mnogo govore i o tome kakvi smo ljudi“.
Ljudi jedini plaču
Ljudska vrsta jedina je koja plače zbog intenzivnih emocija..
Osim emotivnih suza, postoje još dvije vrste: "refleksne“, koje uzrokuje neki vanjski podražaj poput guljenja luka, i "bazalne“ suze kojima čistimo i vlažimo oči.
Sve tri vrste sastoje se od vode, elektrolita i proteina, ali u različitim omjerima. Primjerice, emotivne suze imaju više proteina i serotonina od refleksnih.
Jedan od mogućih razloga zašto ljudi plaču je manipulacija.
Britanski su istraživači u studiji iz 2007.godine naveli da se bebe stare šest mjeseci koriste plačem kao taktikom ne bi li privukle pažnju roditelja. Prema Vingorhoetsu, u toj fazi života može se pronaći moguće evolucijsko objašnjenje za emotivno plakanje.
Međutim, ljudi plaču i u odrasloj dobi, kad nisu više bespomoćni. A postoje i razlike u učestalosti plakanja muškaraca i žena.
Muškarci plaču između 6 i 17 puta godišnje, a žene pet puta više, prema podacima Njemačkog udruženja oftamologa.
Te razlike izlaze na vidjelo tek nakon 13. godine, prije toga djevojčice i dječaci plaču podjednako i zbog istih razloga.
Vingerhoets dodaje da isti problemi uzrokuju "teške“ suze kod oba spola, a to su tuga, nostalgija za domom i ljubavni jadi.
Društveni pritisci
Međutim, veća je vjerojatnost da će žene zaplakati u svakodnevnim situacijama, kad su suočene s kritikom ili konfliktom. To može ukazati na to da će žene reagirati na osjećaj bespomoćnosti, dok muškarci izbjegavaju takve situacije.
Ali ne smiju se izostaviti razni društveni pritisci jer je manje 'prihvatljivo' da dječak plače.
Vingerhoets ne vjeruje u objašnjenja koja govore da ljudi plaču ne bi li se bolje osjećali.
Postoje istraživanja koja su pokazala da depresivne osobe ne osjećaju nikakvo olakšanje nakon plakanja.
Suze nam neće biti od pomoći ni kad se moramo nositi s traumatičnim događajima na koje nismo mogli utjecati, poput smrti voljene osobe.
Ali je istina da suze signaliziraju nečije emotivno stanje prema vanjskom svijetu.
"Naravno da ćemo se bolje osjećati kad dobijemo emotivnu podršku osoba koje nas okružuju", kaže Vingerhoets.
On ne vjeruje da potiskivanje plača šteti zdravlju, osim ako se radi o slučajevima šireg potiskivanja emocija što ukazuje na veće probleme osobnosti.
Plaču samo dobri ljudi?
Zapravo, usporedba između osoba koje rijetko plaču i onih koje to čine često, ne pokazuje razlike u njihovoj općoj dobrobiti.
Ljudi koji češće plaču ostavljaju dojam da su empatičniji i češće dobivaju podršku okoline.
Vingerhoetsu je to dio odgovora na pitanje zašto ljudi plaču. "Suze stvaraju društvenu sponu među ljudima“, kaže.
On želi podrobnije istražiti osobnosti onih koji češće plaču jer su dosadašnja istraživanja fokusirana na to kako ih mi percipiramo. Uz njih često vežemo pridjeve
kao što su drag, iskren i pouzdan, ali to ne mora biti točno.
"Stari su Grci znali reći da samo dobri ljudi plaču, ali pitam se ima li u tome i zrno istine“, rekao je na kraju Vingerhoets.
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Ljudi plaču od pamtivijeka i u životu "isplaču“ između 70 i 100 litara suza, ali taj se fenomen još uvijek ne istražuje dovoljno.
Nedavna je studija otkrila da je "iznenađujuće malen broj znanstvenika i liječnika zainteresiran za tu temu“, a istraživanja o "emotivnom plakanju tek su u začecima".
Jedan od autora studije, Ad Vingerhoets, sumnja da su razlog tomu iskrivljene pretpostavke koje ljudi imaju o suzama i plakanju.
"Suze se često tumače kao pokazatelj tuge“, kaže nizozemski psiholog koji zadnjih 20 godina traži odgovor na pitanje zašto ljudi plaču?
"Ali suze ne sadrže samo informacije o tome kako se trenutno osjećamo, one mnogo govore i o tome kakvi smo ljudi“.
Ljudi jedini plaču
Ljudska vrsta jedina je koja plače zbog intenzivnih emocija..
Osim emotivnih suza, postoje još dvije vrste: "refleksne“, koje uzrokuje neki vanjski podražaj poput guljenja luka, i "bazalne“ suze kojima čistimo i vlažimo oči.
Sve tri vrste sastoje se od vode, elektrolita i proteina, ali u različitim omjerima. Primjerice, emotivne suze imaju više proteina i serotonina od refleksnih.
Jedan od mogućih razloga zašto ljudi plaču je manipulacija.
Britanski su istraživači u studiji iz 2007.godine naveli da se bebe stare šest mjeseci koriste plačem kao taktikom ne bi li privukle pažnju roditelja. Prema Vingorhoetsu, u toj fazi života može se pronaći moguće evolucijsko objašnjenje za emotivno plakanje.
Međutim, ljudi plaču i u odrasloj dobi, kad nisu više bespomoćni. A postoje i razlike u učestalosti plakanja muškaraca i žena.
Muškarci plaču između 6 i 17 puta godišnje, a žene pet puta više, prema podacima Njemačkog udruženja oftamologa.
Te razlike izlaze na vidjelo tek nakon 13. godine, prije toga djevojčice i dječaci plaču podjednako i zbog istih razloga.
Vingerhoets dodaje da isti problemi uzrokuju "teške“ suze kod oba spola, a to su tuga, nostalgija za domom i ljubavni jadi.
Društveni pritisci
Međutim, veća je vjerojatnost da će žene zaplakati u svakodnevnim situacijama, kad su suočene s kritikom ili konfliktom. To može ukazati na to da će žene reagirati na osjećaj bespomoćnosti, dok muškarci izbjegavaju takve situacije.
Ali ne smiju se izostaviti razni društveni pritisci jer je manje 'prihvatljivo' da dječak plače.
Vingerhoets ne vjeruje u objašnjenja koja govore da ljudi plaču ne bi li se bolje osjećali.
Postoje istraživanja koja su pokazala da depresivne osobe ne osjećaju nikakvo olakšanje nakon plakanja.
Suze nam neće biti od pomoći ni kad se moramo nositi s traumatičnim događajima na koje nismo mogli utjecati, poput smrti voljene osobe.
Ali je istina da suze signaliziraju nečije emotivno stanje prema vanjskom svijetu.
"Naravno da ćemo se bolje osjećati kad dobijemo emotivnu podršku osoba koje nas okružuju", kaže Vingerhoets.
On ne vjeruje da potiskivanje plača šteti zdravlju, osim ako se radi o slučajevima šireg potiskivanja emocija što ukazuje na veće probleme osobnosti.
Plaču samo dobri ljudi?
Zapravo, usporedba između osoba koje rijetko plaču i onih koje to čine često, ne pokazuje razlike u njihovoj općoj dobrobiti.
Ljudi koji češće plaču ostavljaju dojam da su empatičniji i češće dobivaju podršku okoline.
Vingerhoetsu je to dio odgovora na pitanje zašto ljudi plaču. "Suze stvaraju društvenu sponu među ljudima“, kaže.
On želi podrobnije istražiti osobnosti onih koji češće plaču jer su dosadašnja istraživanja fokusirana na to kako ih mi percipiramo. Uz njih često vežemo pridjeve
kao što su drag, iskren i pouzdan, ali to ne mora biti točno.
"Stari su Grci znali reći da samo dobri ljudi plaču, ali pitam se ima li u tome i zrno istine“, rekao je na kraju Vingerhoets.
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15. svibanj 2024 14:59
