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[title] => Kako djeluje otrov crne udovice: počinje s bolovima, slijedi paraliza mišića, ubrzo slabe otkucaji srca i nastupa delirij. Srećom, dječaku iz Kaštela je odmah pružena pomoć
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Dječaka kojeg je ugrizla crna udovica tijekom boravka u vrtiću u Kaštelima je dobro, zahvaljujući brzoj intervenciji djelatnica predškolske ustanove i medicinske ekipe KBC Split. Kako saznajemo, radi se o četverogodišnjaku kojeg je opasni kukac ugrizao krajem prošlog tjedna tijekom igre s vršnjacima te mu je pomoć odmah pružena na Hitnoj pomoći.
Dobio je serum te je time izbjegnuto pogoršanje zdravstvenog stanja. Ljetni mjeseci, a posebice srpanj i kolovoz, vrijeme su kada se otrovni pauci - crne udovice najčešće pojavljuju. Za čovjeka je opasna samo ženka, a njeni neurotoksini počinju djelovati nakon 15 minuta.
Iako ugriz ovog opasnog člankonošca izaziva jake bolove pauk nije agresivan. Napada samo kada sama bude napadnuta ili kada osjeti da je ugroženo leglo s njezinim jajašcima.
Do uboda često dolazi kada se pauka nepažnjom pritisne dijelom tijela. Ugriz crne udovice obično uzrokuje naglu i oštru bol poput uboda iglom. Kod posebno rizičnih populacija otrov može izazvati smrt.
Za bolesnike s teškim simptomima koristi se protuotrov dobiven iz konjskog seruma. Mora se dati unutar 30 minuta, ponekad s dramatičnim odgovorom. Doza za djecu i odrasle je jedna bočica u fiziološkoj otopini kroz 3 do 15 minuta.
Proizvođač preporučuje kožno testiranje prije davanja protuotrova, ali unatoč tome ponekad se ne mogu predvidjeti neželjene reakcije (npr. akutnu anafilaksiju).
Osobe koje su doživjele ugriz crne udovice znale su imati nesnosne bolove od kojih bi gubile svijest. Mlađi od 16 godina, starije od 60 godina, hipertoničare i osobe sa simptomima teškog otrovanja moraju se često hospitalizirati na najmanje 24 sata.
Mišići bedra, leđa i ramena obično su prvi koje zahvate snažni grčevi u prvom satu nakon ugriza. Tijekom tri sata nakon ugriza abdomen postaje tvrd poput ploče, a otrov uzrokuju paralizu i uništava živčane završetke.
Tijekom 12 sati od trenutka uboda koža postaje ljepljiva, a otkucaji srca sve slabiji. Osoba upada u delirij te se bol i grčevi pojačavaju.
Između 12 i 24 sata bol i drugi simptomi počinju nestajati. Oporavak je moguć unutar tri do pet dana. Slabost i povremeni grčevi mogu se osjećati još tjednima, pa čak i mjesecima.
Uglavnom se na ugriz posumnja na osnovu anamneze i kliničkih znakova, a u ovom slučaju su tete iz vrtića na vrijeme uočile simptome i reagirale. Potpuna potvrda ugriza pauka je rijetka jer je za to potreban svjedok ugriza i identifikacija člankonošca uz isključenje drugih uzroka.
Pauke se može identificirati prema lokaciji i posebnim obilježjima, navodi Priručnik dijagnostike i terapije. Crne udovice žive na otvorenom na zaštićenim mjestima (npr. gomile kamenja, bale sijena, ostave) i prepoznaju se po crvenim ili narančastim oznakama na abdomenu.
---
Djeca posebno ugrožena
Stalni sudski vještak za infektologiju u mirovini prof.dr.sc. Miroslav Lisić pojasnio nam je koliko je opasan otrov crne udovice.
- Što je dijete manje to je otrov opasniji jer jače djeluje. Može biti i smrtonosan, prije kod djece nego kod odraslih. Najvažnije je odvesti dijete što prije liječniku i dati mu protuotrov.
Ako se nema serum odmah na raspolaganju može se dati kortikosteroide da se smanji reakcija. Inače, nema ničega što se može napraviti konkretno za prvu pomoć osim hitni odlazak u zdravstvenu ustanovu. Znam da je prije taj protuotrov imao bivši Imunološki zavod - kazao nam je profesor.
---
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Dječaka kojeg je ugrizla crna udovica tijekom boravka u vrtiću u Kaštelima je dobro, zahvaljujući brzoj intervenciji djelatnica predškolske ustanove i medicinske ekipe KBC Split. Kako saznajemo, radi se o četverogodišnjaku kojeg je opasni kukac ugrizao krajem prošlog tjedna tijekom igre s vršnjacima te mu je pomoć odmah pružena na Hitnoj pomoći.
Dobio je serum te je time izbjegnuto pogoršanje zdravstvenog stanja. Ljetni mjeseci, a posebice srpanj i kolovoz, vrijeme su kada se otrovni pauci - crne udovice najčešće pojavljuju. Za čovjeka je opasna samo ženka, a njeni neurotoksini počinju djelovati nakon 15 minuta.
Iako ugriz ovog opasnog člankonošca izaziva jake bolove pauk nije agresivan. Napada samo kada sama bude napadnuta ili kada osjeti da je ugroženo leglo s njezinim jajašcima.
Do uboda često dolazi kada se pauka nepažnjom pritisne dijelom tijela. Ugriz crne udovice obično uzrokuje naglu i oštru bol poput uboda iglom. Kod posebno rizičnih populacija otrov može izazvati smrt.
Za bolesnike s teškim simptomima koristi se protuotrov dobiven iz konjskog seruma. Mora se dati unutar 30 minuta, ponekad s dramatičnim odgovorom. Doza za djecu i odrasle je jedna bočica u fiziološkoj otopini kroz 3 do 15 minuta.
Proizvođač preporučuje kožno testiranje prije davanja protuotrova, ali unatoč tome ponekad se ne mogu predvidjeti neželjene reakcije (npr. akutnu anafilaksiju).
Osobe koje su doživjele ugriz crne udovice znale su imati nesnosne bolove od kojih bi gubile svijest. Mlađi od 16 godina, starije od 60 godina, hipertoničare i osobe sa simptomima teškog otrovanja moraju se često hospitalizirati na najmanje 24 sata.
Mišići bedra, leđa i ramena obično su prvi koje zahvate snažni grčevi u prvom satu nakon ugriza. Tijekom tri sata nakon ugriza abdomen postaje tvrd poput ploče, a otrov uzrokuju paralizu i uništava živčane završetke.
Tijekom 12 sati od trenutka uboda koža postaje ljepljiva, a otkucaji srca sve slabiji. Osoba upada u delirij te se bol i grčevi pojačavaju.
Između 12 i 24 sata bol i drugi simptomi počinju nestajati. Oporavak je moguć unutar tri do pet dana. Slabost i povremeni grčevi mogu se osjećati još tjednima, pa čak i mjesecima.
Uglavnom se na ugriz posumnja na osnovu anamneze i kliničkih znakova, a u ovom slučaju su tete iz vrtića na vrijeme uočile simptome i reagirale. Potpuna potvrda ugriza pauka je rijetka jer je za to potreban svjedok ugriza i identifikacija člankonošca uz isključenje drugih uzroka.
Pauke se može identificirati prema lokaciji i posebnim obilježjima, navodi Priručnik dijagnostike i terapije. Crne udovice žive na otvorenom na zaštićenim mjestima (npr. gomile kamenja, bale sijena, ostave) i prepoznaju se po crvenim ili narančastim oznakama na abdomenu.
---
Djeca posebno ugrožena
Stalni sudski vještak za infektologiju u mirovini prof.dr.sc. Miroslav Lisić pojasnio nam je koliko je opasan otrov crne udovice.
- Što je dijete manje to je otrov opasniji jer jače djeluje. Može biti i smrtonosan, prije kod djece nego kod odraslih. Najvažnije je odvesti dijete što prije liječniku i dati mu protuotrov.
Ako se nema serum odmah na raspolaganju može se dati kortikosteroide da se smanji reakcija. Inače, nema ničega što se može napraviti konkretno za prvu pomoć osim hitni odlazak u zdravstvenu ustanovu. Znam da je prije taj protuotrov imao bivši Imunološki zavod - kazao nam je profesor.
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14. svibanj 2024 22:54
