SD Dojavi Slobodna Dalmacija
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Budući da se sve više vodi računa o smanjenju emisije CO2 u smislu očuvanja klime na planetu, ali i namjeri organizacije IMO da štetne emisije brodskih motora trgovačke mornarice smanji za 40 posto do 2030. godine, odnosno za polovicu do 2050. godine, brodari se suočavaju s brojnim izazovima.

Najnovija analiza nazvana Energy Transition in Shipping – Facts and Timeline ukazuje na komercijalne i tehničke mogućnosti smanjenja zagađenja u idućih tri do pet godina.

Analizu su proveli Maritime Oslofjord Alliance pod pokroviteljstvom organizacija Oslo Maritime i Oslo Shipowners u suradnji sa stručnjakom Sveinom Helgeom Guldteigom iz tvrtke Ocean Consulting.

Oni sa stručne razine daju savjete kako bi brodovi postojećih flota mogli udovoljiti EEXI i CII zahtjevima koji stupaju na snagu 1. siječnja 2023.

Tri kategorije najviše zagađuju

Analiza pokazuje da 80 posto štetnih plinova potječe od brodova za rasuti teret, tankera i kontejneraša. Te tri kategorije trgovačkih plovila troše i najviše goriva.

Preciznije rečeno, 19.000 svjetskih plovila bruto tonaže preko 25.000 GRT troši 65 posto cjelokupnoga goriva potrebnog za odvijanje trgovačkog prometa. Takva plovila čine 21 posto od ukupne svjetske trgovačke flote (94.000 brodova preko 500 GRT).

Stoga je fokus norveške analize usmjeren na smanjenje emisije stakleničkih (GHG) plinova u kategoriji tankera, bulk carriera i kontejnerskih brodova. U studiji se navodi kako je u 2020. plovilo puno starih brodova – samo njih 7000 su bili mlađi od 15 godina. Nadalje, pokazalo se kako ultraveliki brodovi troše iznimno puno goriva.

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Morem se kreće 90 posto svjetske trgovine

AFP
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Važnost smanjenja brzine

U postizanju cilja smanjenja stakleničkih plinova, ističu Norvežani, ključno je, dakle, provesti mjere, no samo 15 posto brodova iz tih skupina je opremljeno elektronički kontroliranim glavnim motorima.

Za njih postoji mogućnost konverzije na alternativna goriva, što bi smanjilo emisiju stakleničkih plinova za 100 milijuna tona godišnje. Cijena takvog zahvata je između 18 i 20 milijuna dolara, a procjenjuje se kako bi se 2700 brodova moglo prebaciti na čisti pogon.

Norvežani ističu kako je iznimno učinkovita mjera smanjenje brzine plovidbe. Primjerice, smanjenje brzine plovidbe s 15 na 12 čvorova moglo bi smanjiti potrošnju (i zagađenja) do nevjerojatnih 50 posto, a samo 10 posto smanjenja brzine trgovačkog broda uzrokuje 27 posto uštede.

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S manjom brzinom značajno bi se reducirala emisija plinova

Ilustracija/Shutterstock
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Zbog trenutačno vrlo visoke potražnje na tržištu i shodno tomu visokih vozarina, brodarima je u interesu što prije prevesti robu do odredišta, što dovodi do svjesnog rasipanja gorivom na štetu cijeloga planeta.

Brodarima koji budu previše zagađivali prijete kazne u skladu s takozvanim Fit for 55 paketom mjera EU Emissions Trading Systema.

Tehničke modifikacije

Brojna će plovila zato biti suočena s imperativom tehničkih modifikacija radi mogućnosti uporabe alternativnih goriva kao što su metanol ili LNG.

No autori analize tvrde da postoje i druge opcije – digitalizacija pogonskih strojeva, modifikacije i optimizacije trupa i propulzije, kao i ukrcaj manje tereta.

Ocjenjujući manje brzine tijekom plovidbe kao najbolji način za brzu redukciju zagađenja u idućih nekoliko godina, Guldteig također navodi kako će se brodogradilišta pri gradnji novih plovila morati prilagođavati zahtjevima o uporabi motora s alternativnim gorivima.

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Budućnost su brodovi poput Siem Thiima, pogonjeni baterijama i plinom

AFP
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Nažalost, svjesni smo činjenice da trenutačno nema dovoljno škverova koji mogu odraditi konverzije pogona problematičnih (bulk, tanker and container) plovila u idućih nekoliko godina.

Unatoč svemu, EU Emissions Trading System ostaje pri zadanom cilju, a to je smanjenje emisije zagađenja trgovačkih brodova za 50 posto do 2050. godine, pa će se brodari morati snalaziti kako znaju i umiju...

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Čitajte sve o jedrenju, đitama po Jadranu, brodovima na struju, brodskim motorima i popravku broda. Učimo vas kako održavati brod. 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[cleanTitle] => Tri kategorije brodova najviše zagađuju planet, a brodari ne žele smanjiti gas jer je potražnja prevelika. Kako riješiti problem? 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Količine emisija su teško zamislive

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Količine emisija su teško zamislive

 AFP ) [1] => stdClass Object ( [src] => https://static.slobodnadalmacija.hr/images/slike/2022/06/20/22284392.jpg [title] =>

Morem se kreće 90 posto svjetske trgovine

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LNG terminal izgleda opasno, ali je za okoliš bolji od nafte

 AFP ) [3] => stdClass Object ( [src] => https://static.slobodnadalmacija.hr/images/slike/2022/06/20/21197586.jpg [title] =>

Budućnost su brodovi poput Siem Thiima, pogonjeni baterijama i plinom

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S manjom brzinom značajno bi se reducirala emisija plinova

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Budući da se sve više vodi računa o smanjenju emisije CO2 u smislu očuvanja klime na planetu, ali i namjeri organizacije IMO da štetne emisije brodskih motora trgovačke mornarice smanji za 40 posto do 2030. godine, odnosno za polovicu do 2050. godine, brodari se suočavaju s brojnim izazovima.

Najnovija analiza nazvana Energy Transition in Shipping – Facts and Timeline ukazuje na komercijalne i tehničke mogućnosti smanjenja zagađenja u idućih tri do pet godina.

Analizu su proveli Maritime Oslofjord Alliance pod pokroviteljstvom organizacija Oslo Maritime i Oslo Shipowners u suradnji sa stručnjakom Sveinom Helgeom Guldteigom iz tvrtke Ocean Consulting.

Oni sa stručne razine daju savjete kako bi brodovi postojećih flota mogli udovoljiti EEXI i CII zahtjevima koji stupaju na snagu 1. siječnja 2023.

Tri kategorije najviše zagađuju

Analiza pokazuje da 80 posto štetnih plinova potječe od brodova za rasuti teret, tankera i kontejneraša. Te tri kategorije trgovačkih plovila troše i najviše goriva.

Preciznije rečeno, 19.000 svjetskih plovila bruto tonaže preko 25.000 GRT troši 65 posto cjelokupnoga goriva potrebnog za odvijanje trgovačkog prometa. Takva plovila čine 21 posto od ukupne svjetske trgovačke flote (94.000 brodova preko 500 GRT).

Stoga je fokus norveške analize usmjeren na smanjenje emisije stakleničkih (GHG) plinova u kategoriji tankera, bulk carriera i kontejnerskih brodova. U studiji se navodi kako je u 2020. plovilo puno starih brodova – samo njih 7000 su bili mlađi od 15 godina. Nadalje, pokazalo se kako ultraveliki brodovi troše iznimno puno goriva.

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Morem se kreće 90 posto svjetske trgovine

AFP
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Važnost smanjenja brzine

U postizanju cilja smanjenja stakleničkih plinova, ističu Norvežani, ključno je, dakle, provesti mjere, no samo 15 posto brodova iz tih skupina je opremljeno elektronički kontroliranim glavnim motorima.

Za njih postoji mogućnost konverzije na alternativna goriva, što bi smanjilo emisiju stakleničkih plinova za 100 milijuna tona godišnje. Cijena takvog zahvata je između 18 i 20 milijuna dolara, a procjenjuje se kako bi se 2700 brodova moglo prebaciti na čisti pogon.

Norvežani ističu kako je iznimno učinkovita mjera smanjenje brzine plovidbe. Primjerice, smanjenje brzine plovidbe s 15 na 12 čvorova moglo bi smanjiti potrošnju (i zagađenja) do nevjerojatnih 50 posto, a samo 10 posto smanjenja brzine trgovačkog broda uzrokuje 27 posto uštede.

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S manjom brzinom značajno bi se reducirala emisija plinova

Ilustracija/Shutterstock
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Zbog trenutačno vrlo visoke potražnje na tržištu i shodno tomu visokih vozarina, brodarima je u interesu što prije prevesti robu do odredišta, što dovodi do svjesnog rasipanja gorivom na štetu cijeloga planeta.

Brodarima koji budu previše zagađivali prijete kazne u skladu s takozvanim Fit for 55 paketom mjera EU Emissions Trading Systema.

Tehničke modifikacije

Brojna će plovila zato biti suočena s imperativom tehničkih modifikacija radi mogućnosti uporabe alternativnih goriva kao što su metanol ili LNG.

No autori analize tvrde da postoje i druge opcije – digitalizacija pogonskih strojeva, modifikacije i optimizacije trupa i propulzije, kao i ukrcaj manje tereta.

Ocjenjujući manje brzine tijekom plovidbe kao najbolji način za brzu redukciju zagađenja u idućih nekoliko godina, Guldteig također navodi kako će se brodogradilišta pri gradnji novih plovila morati prilagođavati zahtjevima o uporabi motora s alternativnim gorivima.

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Budućnost su brodovi poput Siem Thiima, pogonjeni baterijama i plinom

AFP
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Nažalost, svjesni smo činjenice da trenutačno nema dovoljno škverova koji mogu odraditi konverzije pogona problematičnih (bulk, tanker and container) plovila u idućih nekoliko godina.

Unatoč svemu, EU Emissions Trading System ostaje pri zadanom cilju, a to je smanjenje emisije zagađenja trgovačkih brodova za 50 posto do 2050. godine, pa će se brodari morati snalaziti kako znaju i umiju...

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AFP AFP AFP AFP Ilustracija/Shutterstock
AFP

Količine emisija su teško zamislive
AFP

Morem se kreće 90 posto svjetske trgovine
AFP

LNG terminal izgleda opasno, ali je za okoliš bolji od nafte
AFP

Budućnost su brodovi poput Siem Thiima, pogonjeni baterijama i plinom
Ilustracija/Shutterstock

S manjom brzinom značajno bi se reducirala emisija plinova
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Nautika

brojni izazoviTri kategorije brodova najviše zagađuju planet, a brodari ne žele smanjiti gas jer je potražnja prevelika. Kako riješiti problem?

Piše Željko Simunić
5. srpnja 2022. - 12:19
&lt;p&gt;Količine emisija su teško zamislive&lt;/p&gt;
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Količine emisija su teško zamisliveAFP

Budući da se sve više vodi računa o smanjenju emisije CO2 u smislu očuvanja klime na planetu, ali i namjeri organizacije IMO da štetne emisije brodskih motora trgovačke mornarice smanji za 40 posto do 2030. godine, odnosno za polovicu do 2050. godine, brodari se suočavaju s brojnim izazovima.

Najnovija analiza nazvana Energy Transition in Shipping – Facts and Timeline ukazuje na komercijalne i tehničke mogućnosti smanjenja zagađenja u idućih tri do pet godina.

Analizu su proveli Maritime Oslofjord Alliance pod pokroviteljstvom organizacija Oslo Maritime i Oslo Shipowners u suradnji sa stručnjakom Sveinom Helgeom Guldteigom iz tvrtke Ocean Consulting.

Oni sa stručne razine daju savjete kako bi brodovi postojećih flota mogli udovoljiti EEXI i CII zahtjevima koji stupaju na snag...

#BRODARI#POMORSKI PROMET#EMISIJE ŠTETNIH PLINOVA#ZAGAĐENJE PLANETA#ZELENA ENERGIJA
16. svibanj 2024 15:16